英語分詞時態的語法總結

時間：2024-10-11 04:35:26 基礎英語我要投稿

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英語分詞時態的語法總結

　　分詞時態一般是與主語的時態保持一致，除此之外有的還需先于主動詞。

英語分詞時態的語法總結

　　1）與主語動詞同時

　　Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 聽到這一消息，他高興得手舞足蹈。

　　Arriving there, they found the boy dead. 剛一到那兒，他們就發現那男孩死了。

　　典型例題

　　The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.

　　A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

　　答案B. 此處沒有連詞，不能選D，否則出現了兩個謂語動詞worked和was preparing。只能在B，C中選一個。又因前后兩個動作同時發生，且與主語為主動關系，應用現在分詞。

　　2）先于主動詞

　　While walking in the garden，he hurt his leg. 在花園里散步時他傷了腿。

　　分詞作時間狀語，如果先與主動詞的動作，且強調先后，要用having done。

　　Having finished his homework, he went out.

　　=As he had finished his homework, he went out.

　　做完作業后，他出去了。

　　典型例題

　　___ a reply, he decided to write again.

　　A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received

　　答案C. 本題考查分詞的時態與分詞的否定式。根據題意判斷，分詞的動作（接信）發生在謂語動詞的動作（決心再寫信）之前，因此用分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式的構成為not +分詞，故選C。該句可理解為：Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.

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