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2016考研英語寫作：用亮點詞句來替換
作文是各類英語考試中得分較低的一種題型，究其原因，除了平時缺少練習之外，同學們還缺乏作文得分技巧。同學們需要掌握一定的作文模板和熟悉大量的話題作文，純模板會很僵化缺乏彈性，而話題作文可以更好的拓展思維。考研英語寫作的提高需要大量細節的分析和磨練，其中一個重要的主題是關于英語創作的重要規律--seeking variety (追求語言豐富多變)。如何追求變化?下面舉幾個具體的例子，從各種角度給出句型轉換的方式，提供一些思路。如果能在作文中設置一些詞匯和句型的閃光點，必定使你的作文如虎添翼。
一、注意段首句式的變化
圖畫作文的段首句往往是"如圖所示"或"從圖畫中可以看出"之類，下面為經常采用的一些句型：
As is shown in the picture,
As can be seen from the picture,
It is vividly shown in the picture that......
We can see in this picture that ......
It is of considerable interest to see in the bizarre picture that......
二、適當用被動替換主動，這樣能更客觀地反映事實。
句子開頭不要總是用we / I (比如寫結尾時不用we should pay attention to而用Attent
ion should be paid to. ) 舉個經典結尾的例子：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively。
三、一句話用不同的句式來表達
為了加強同學們對語法知識在寫作中的靈活應用，下面給出一句話的14種句式及語言
調整的效果，內容上沒有太大差異，但是請同學們仔細辨別每句話所側重的句式：
1.使用表語從句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard, and being shocked at the message. The reason is that the billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies"。
2.使用介詞短語
In the picture, two people are reading the announcement and they are being shocked at the message of "a sale of dead bodies" on a billboard。
3.使用疑問句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. Why are they so shocked? The reason is that the billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies"。
4.使用原因狀語從句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. As the billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies"， they are shocked at the message。
5.使用結果狀語從句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. The billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" so that they are shocked at the message。
6.使用時間狀語從句
In the picture, while the two people are reading the announcement on the billboard about "a sale of the dead bodies"， they are being deeply shocked。
7.使用分詞短語
In the picture, reading the message of a ‘sale of the dead bodies" advertised on the billboard, the two people are deeply shocked。
8.使用主動語態
In the picture, the announcement on a billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" shocks the two people reading it。
9.使用There be 結構
In the picture, there is an announcement on a billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" and shocking the two people reading it。
10.使用倒裝句
On a billboard is an announcement advertising a "sale of the dead bodies". The two people reading it are being shocked。
11.使用定語從句
In the picture, the announcement on a billboard which advertises a "sale of the dead bodies" shocks the two people reading it。
12.強調句
In the picture, it is the announcement on a billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" that shocks the two people reading it。
13.虛擬語氣
In the picture, were it not for the announcement on the billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies"， the two people would not be so shocked。
四、盡量復雜作文中的句式
It is of considerable interest to observe in this bizarre caricature that a couple of citizens, reading an announcement issued on the billboard, are taken aback as a result of the astounding message which informs people of a "sale of dead bodies"。
句中使用的詞組包括：be of considerable interest, a couple of, taken aback, as a result of, inform sb. of
長句采用的特殊語法包括：賓語從句+分詞結構做插入語+分詞作后置定語(issued)+被動語態+原因短語+定語從句。
以下是一些詞語替換的例子，各位同學可以參考一下：
1.individuals, characters, folks替換people ,persons
2.positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替換good
3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替換bad (如果bad做表語，可以用be less impressive替換)
Eg.：An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive。
4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most替換many。
注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。
Eg.：Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that...。同理用most...if not all 替換most。
5.a slice of, quiet a few 替換some
6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that替換think (因為是書面語，所以要加that)
7.affair ,business ,matter 替換thing
8.shared 替代 common
9.reap huge fruits 替換get many benefits
10.for my part ,from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion
11.Increasing(ly)，growing 替換more and more( 注意沒有growingly這種形式，所以當修飾名詞時用increasing/growing修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly)
Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.
12.little if anything或little or nothing替換hardly
13.beneficial, rewarding替換helpful
14.shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替換customer
15.overwhelmingly,.exceedingly,.extremely, intensely 替換very
16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替換 unnecessary, avoidable
17.indispensable替換necessary
18.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換sb take interest in / sb. be interested in
19.capture one's attention替換attract one's attention
20.facet, dimension, sphere代aspect
21.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear
22.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替換cause
23.There are several reasons behind sth 替換..reasons for sth
24.desire 替換want
25.pour attention into 替換pay attention to
26.bear in mind that 替換remember
27. enjoy, possess 替換have(注意process是過程的意思)
28.interaction替換communication
29.frown on sth替換 be against , disagree with sth.
30.to name only a few, as an example替換 for example, for instance
31. next to / virtually impossible替換nearly / almost impossible
32.regarding/concerning 替換about
33.crucial/paramount 替換important
34.第一(in the first place/the first and foremost);第二(there is one more point ,I should touch on, that...);第三(the last but not the least)
35. assiduous替換hard-working
36.arduous替換difficult
37.underdeveloped/financially-challenged 替換poor(因為poor通常含有貶義)
38.demonstrate /manifest 替換show
39.invariably 替換always
40.perilous/hazardous替換dangerous(寫社會類作文時常用，說什么社會現象是不好的，有害的)
41.formidable 替換difficult
42.quintessential 替換typical(舉例時常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance)
43.distinguished 替換famous
44.feasible替換possible
45.consequently, accordingly替換so
豐富多變的句式讓你的作文看起來專業而地道，那么從現在開始，請同學們隨意選上兩句話開始brainstorm，對這些句子搞個外科手術吧，挑戰極限，一試身手，豐富多彩的語言一定會為你的作文加分不少!
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