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托福語(yǔ)法中副詞及解題要點(diǎn)
副詞是TOEEL測(cè)試中非常活躍的詞類。它與形容詞一樣，是詞類變化題型必考的詞性。下面YJBYS小編為大家?guī)?lái)關(guān)于托福語(yǔ)法中副詞及解題要點(diǎn)，供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)，預(yù)祝大家考試順利!
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，有關(guān)副詞的題目并不很難。絕大部分考的是副詞詞性的判斷。題型主要有下述幾項(xiàng)：(1)副詞與形容詞混淆(詳見(jiàn)本憶要點(diǎn)之[詞類變化])(2)否定副詞Not的用法、(3)易混淆的副詞。
副詞常考題型及解題要點(diǎn)
1. 副詞與形容詞的功能區(qū)別：形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾除名詞以外的所有詞性及句子成分
[例1] The ordeal of the Cherokee Indians， who were forcible moved from their homeland inthe 1830*s， is remembered as the *Tears*. (91.10)
[答案] B 修飾動(dòng)詞moved應(yīng)用副詞forcibly。
[例2] Although the United States experienced rapidly growth in the first half of thenincieenth century， it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry. (93.10)
[答案] A 修飾名詞growth應(yīng)用形容詞rapid，而不用副詞rapidly。 此題是TOEEL常考類型題。請(qǐng)注意以-ly后綴構(gòu)成的副詞通常是命題焦點(diǎn)。
2. 否定詞not與形容詞no的區(qū)別
解題要點(diǎn)： 區(qū)分副詞not和形容詞no的命題是TOEEL常考的題型，主要分布在structure (1-15題)中。當(dāng)not或no出現(xiàn)在選擇答案中，應(yīng)首先判斷它所修飾的中心詞的詞性以決定選哪一個(gè)否定詞。
全真例分析
(1) Since Alaska attained statehood in 1959------- single party has dominated politics there.
(A) none
(B) no
(C) not
(D) never (94.1)
[答案] B 修飾中心名詞party應(yīng)用形容詞no，而非副詞not。
(2) ------- social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams enthusiasm more than the expansionof the United States.
(A) No
(B) Nothing
(C) Not
(D) None (91.10)
[答案] 修飾主語(yǔ)名詞crusade 應(yīng)用形容詞no. 而非副詞not。
(3) ------- all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground， some of it is lost throughevaporation.
(A) Nowhere
(B) Not
(C) No
(D) None (91.8)
[答案] B 修飾形容詞all應(yīng)用否定副詞not。Not all (不是所有的)是固定短語(yǔ)搭配，表示的是部分否定，not all = sosme。
(4) The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ------- clearly understood.
(A) none
(B) no
(C) not
(D) nor (90.5)
[答案] C 否定系詞is，應(yīng)用副詞not。
(5) Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933. WhenFrances Perkins became secretary of labor. (89.1)
[答案] A Not 改為No.
3. 辨別詞形相近的副詞和形容詞
hare (努力、副詞)- hardly (幾乎不、副詞)
close (接近、形容詞)- closely (接近、副詞)
near (接近、形容詞)- nearly (幾乎、副詞)
most (大多數(shù)的、形容詞)-mostly(主要地、副詞)
late (遲、晚、形容詞)-lately(最近、副詞)
全真例題分析
(1) Chief Joseph Flesche. A vigorous Omaha leader， worked hardly to make his nation aproud and progressive one. (93.1)
[答案] B hardly (幾乎不)改為hard(努力)。
(2) Glaciers that develop nearly the North and South Poles advance into the sea. Break intopieces， and become icebergs. (90.8)
[答案] B 副詞nearly意思是“幾乎”。此句應(yīng)改為near(接近)。
(3) Those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held electromagnetic force. (92.1)
[答案] B most closely 改為most close。
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