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物理擺測(cè)重力加速度g值的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
物理擺測(cè)重力加速度g值的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
摘要：本文根據(jù)物理擺的微振動(dòng)理論，針對(duì)J—LD23型物理擺，用4種不同方法測(cè)量當(dāng)?shù)刂亓铀俣?并利用計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析。第1種方法利用復(fù)擺的共軛性，采用Mathematica軟件作 圖，從而找尋到共軛點(diǎn)，進(jìn)而求出g值。第2種方法根據(jù)復(fù)擺的周期公式，采用解方程組的方式求出g值。第3種方法采用最小2乘法從測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)中計(jì)算得到擬合直線方程，從而獲得g值大小。第4種方法采用凱特可逆擺測(cè)g值大小。最后得到了4種不同方法所測(cè)出的g值，并對(duì)誤差來源及4種方法的優(yōu)劣進(jìn)行了簡要分析。
關(guān)鍵詞：物理擺;周期;重力加速度；可逆擺。
Experimental study of measuring the value of the acceleration of gravity with the physical pendulum
Abstract: Based on the analyses to the small vibration of the physical pendulum,we can use the physical pendulum of J—LD23 to measure the value of g by four different ways ,and analyze these data which were measured by computer. In the first way,we know the conjugacy of the physical pendulum,so we can find the conjugacy point through making the diagram of by using Mathematica and get the value of g.In the second way,based on the formula of the physical pendulum’s period,we can get the value of g through solving the simultaneous equations.In the third way, we can get the line of fit through using the least square method and get the value of g.In the forth way ,we use reversible pendulum to measure the value of g.At last,we get the value of g which were mensured by these four methods ,analyzing the sourses of the errors and the advantages and disadvantages of these four methods.
Keywords: physical pendulum;period; acceleration of gravity;reversible pendulum.
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